The Effects of Prior Impressions of a Firm's Ethics on the Success of a Cause-Related Marketing Campaign: Do the Good Look Better While the Bad Look Worse?

ABSTRACT

The exploratory study that is the subject of this paper examines the importance of ten church service and program variables in the decision by members of different age cohorts to join a church. Variables that were investigated included aspects of the worship service; adult, children and senior education programs; and recreational activities. Two additional variables, denominational loyalty and the desire to be part of a spiritual community, were also investigated. Chi-square tests were used to evaluate the significance of each program as well as elements of the worship service. In addition, sources of information that members used prior to the first visit were examined. The most important resource was word-of-mouth. There were 460 respondents who were members of Southern Baptist and Unitarian Universalist churches located throughout the South and Southwest.     

URBAN HISTORY AND THE FUTURE OF AUSTRALIAN CITIES

Urban growth is a major theme in economic development and a policy imperative for developed countries that seek to create sustainable cities. We argue that the past weighs heavily on the ability of societies to sustainably manage urban environments. The policy implications of urban history are revealed in comparisons of cities across times and between places. The special issue presents some of the best recent work on the economic and social history of Australian cities. We aim to encourage historians to incorporate urban variables into studies of historical processes and to persuade policymakers to consider historical trends in their analysis.     

Endogenous fertility and growth in a model with old age support

Summary. This paper examines the interrelationship between capital accumulation, fertility, and growth by introducing an endogenous fertility decision into Diamond's (1965) neoclassical growth model. Under the assumptions that children provide old age support and that individuals incur a variable time cost of raising children, it investigates the potential for cyclical fluctuations in the capital-labor ratio and fertility, as well as for development trap phenomena to be observed. It is shown that when capital and labor are highly substitutable in production, there is a unique steady state equilibrium, and either damped or undamped oscillations in fertility and the capital-labor ratio may occur. However, when the elasticity of substitution between capital and labor is less than one, two steady state equilibria may exist; one with a high capital-labor ratio and a high rate of population growth, and the other with a lower capital-labor ratio as well as a lower population growth rate. The former is a saddle, while the latter may be either a source or a sink. In the latter case development traps are possible. Received: June 16, 1997; revised version: December 18, 1997     

浅议网络时代的财务管理

21世纪是网络的世纪,随着高科技信息时代——网络时代的到来,全球信息处理网络化将成为历史发展的必然趋势。互联网的出现不仅给全球经济和社会带来了巨大变革,也给企业创造了无限商机,推动企业经营走向电子商务,而作为电子商务重要组成部分之一的网络化会计信息系统也随之产生,网络财务将成为企业财务管理发展的必然趋势。在我国,实际工作中存在许多制约网络财务发展的瓶颈问题需要解决,文章就此进行探讨并提出相应对策。     

中国已婚育龄人群避孕措施选择的偏好与影响因素分析

避孕节育是中国计划生育的核心内容之一，也是我国中长期人口发展战略中稳定低生育水平的重要措施之一。选取1988年全国生育节育抽样调查数据，利用多分类Logit模型（MNL）对不同特征育龄妇女避孕措施进行分析。不同生育周期和不同社会特征、子女性别、计划生育政策强度对已婚育龄人群避孕措施的选取有明显的影响。不同孩次的已婚育龄人群在避孕措施选择中都存在一定的避孕偏好，尤其是子女性别不同时呈现避孕措施选择的明显差异，即最小子女为女孩的育龄人群比最小子女为男孩的育龄人群更为倾向于选择避孕套等自控型短效避孕措施，提示避孕措施的选择存在制度内规避行为，并受到一定的性别偏好因素的影响。     

Core decisional values and deciders demographic variables in Romanian organizauons

The present study attempts to build an exploratory model of leadership analysis, based on which the organizational leaders and managers can answer three critical questions for leadership practice： （1） Which are the core decisional values the top management should take into account when adopting critical decisions？ （2） Which latent attitudes （constructs or factors） might generate these values in CEOs＇ and followers＇ behavior？ （3） Do the latent attitudes differ with the respondents＇ gender, age and educational background？ The research belongs to the field of value based leadership theories. The data is collected from a sample of 94 CEOs and 599 direct followers from three complex fields of activity： mining and forestry, manufacturing and construction, respectively, services. The main outcomes are： （1） The most important decisional values should be （in order）： customer satisfaction, firm＇s profitability, product/service quality, sales volume growth and cost control; （2） These values are generated by the following latent attitudes （of CEOs and followers）： social responsibility for community and environment; ethical responsibility for minorities and women; market performance responsibility and, respectively, responsibility for employees and customers; （3） Market performance responsibility significantly differs according to respondents gender; social responsibility for community and environment significantly differs with respondents age, while both types of responsibility significantly differ according to respondents educational background. It seems that ethical responsibility for minorities and women and, respectively, responsibility for employees and customers are not influenced by respondents＇ demographic variables.     

Business strategies and the transition to low‐carbon cities

Cities are key drivers of global climate change, with the majority of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions being tied to urban life. Local actions to mitigate and adapt to climate change are essential for stabilization of the global climate and can also help to address other urban ecological problems such as pollution, decreasing biodiversity, etc. Companies are important urban actors in the development of low‐carbon cities because they provide a multitude of goods and services to city populations and directly influence urban carbon dioxide (CO₂) emissions. This is a new area of research. While studies on corporate sustainability are numerous, there is little, if any, existing research that examines the role of companies in climate change adaptation and mitigation within specific urban areas. Urban ecologists also have not examined how corporate activity affects urban systems. Taking a multi‐disciplinary systems approach, we present a conceptual model of the role of companies in managing urban interactions with the climate system. We also present empirical findings illustrating how one company ‘partners’ with the city of Rotterdam to test electric vehicles as a pilot project for urban climate adaptation and mitigation. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd and ERP Environment.     

浅谈“智慧城市”与“智慧产业”发展——以南京为例

随着互联网技术的日渐成熟,人与物、物与物之间的信息交流将成为第三次信息技术革命的主要趋势。IBM智慧地球概念提出后,引起了广泛关注,国内多个城市相继提出了构建智慧城市的设想。文章分析了南京的教育、科技、人才、技术、经济优势,提出了以创新为先导,充分发挥南京自身优势,通过智慧城市建设带动相关产业发展的思路。     

The impact of cash transfers on household welfare in Namibia

Namibia has a long history of providing a universal and non-contributory old age pension, child grants using means testing and quasi-conditionalities, and other cash transfers. Multivariate analysis presented in this paper confirms that these transfers play an important role in alleviating poverty, especially for the very poor. The poverty-reducing effects of the child grants are likely to increase further as access is being rapidly expanded. However, the impact in terms of reducing Namibia's extremely high inequality is limited. The targeting of the cash transfers towards the poorest groups takes place through two main channels. For the child grant, targeting occurs as a result of the orphan status eligibility criteria, as orphans are over-represented in lower-income households. For the universal social pension, it appears that some of the relatively less poor do not receive it even if they are eligible. Means testing of child grants appears ineffective, even without considering administrative costs.